Lesson 13
Sir
Alexander Fleming
Patrick Pringle
Q.1:
What are antiseptics and what is the antiseptic method?
Ans:
The use of chemical to kill the germs is called antiseptic method. These
chemicals are known as antiseptics.
Q.2: What
was the chief defect of antiseptic method?
Ans:
They had toxic effect on leucocytes.
Q.3:
What part is played by the white cells in the blood of a human body?
Ans:
White blood cells are natural defense system which fights against germs.
Q.4: Give an account of the early life of
Fleming.
Ans:
Fleming was born on a farm in a poor family. He went to local school at the age
of ten.
Q.5:
Describe how Fleming discovered penicillin.
Ans:
He discovered penicillin by chance when he was growing germs on plates.
Q.6
In what respect is penicillin better than the chemical antiseptics?
Ans:
Unlike chemical antiseptics, it has toxic effect on germs and not in
leucocytes.
Q.7 What
do you know of the Oxford team?
Ans: The
Oxford team with the help of chemists and bacteriologists concentrated
penicillin.
Q.8 How
did the Oxford team make penicillin more effective?
Ans: They made penicillin more effective by
concentrating it.
Q.9:
Write a note on penicillin as a wonder drug.
Ans: Penicillin saved countless lives, especially
healed war wounds.
Q.10:
Was Fleming proud of his discovery?
Ans: No, he says that it is nature, not I, which
makes penicillin.
Q.11: Why couldn’t penicillin have been
discovered in the research laboratories of America?
Ans: Because they were so clean and dustless that no
spore could get in.
Q.12: Fleming’s achievement paved the way for
other discoveries in the medical field. What are they?
Ans: After penicillin, antibiotics and
streptomycin came forward as new discoveries.
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